Journalism education in Canada lags far behind the field in the United States, both in history and numbers.  The first university-level schools of journalism in Canada did not open until the late 1940s, and until the mid-1970s there were only three four-year journalism schools there, all in the dominant province of Ontario.  Two major reasons for this belated development have been practitioner resistance and a lack of funding.  Despite the former, the number of university journalism programs in Canada has seen a recent upturn.  This is largely a result of increased corporate funding, which has raised concern for academic independence.